sufism origin

Sufism (from Arabic (صوف), Suf meaning "wool") is a mystical tradition of Islam dedicated to experiencing Allah/God as the epitome of divine Love. Hadhra is a dance associated with dhikr practiced primarily in the Arab world.

The characteristic Sufi signature is found in widely dispersed literature from at least the second millennium B.C., and although their most obvious impact on civilization was made between the eighth and eighteenth centuries A.D., Sufis are still active as ever. [16] Ibn al-‘Arif’s disciple Ibn Qasi set up a group of religious followers in Portugal and built a monastery in Silves.

School of Sufism ®. However Islamic scholars predating the Islamic Golden Age were referred to as Sufis, like Hasan of Basra.

Just as Sufism cannot be explained in terms of earlier Gnostic schools, so it appears that Sufism is not a word derived from a preexisting root word; the school of Sufism is not an explanation of a practice. Some assume that the word “Sufism” is a derivative from the word “Sufe”, but this assumption does not bear close examination, as the rules of Arabic grammar as well as the different styles of the practice make its fallacy evident. [27] His work helped Sufism become more accepted within the Islamic sciences. The movement may have been given (or taken on) the name Sufism because of …

He authored the Khal al-Na’lain, which Ibn ‘Arabi would later write a commentary on.

It requires purity of heart, spiritual awareness, and sacredness of goal.

People of ascetic temperaments were found throughout Muslim communities early in the history of Islam. Rabia was a female Sufi and known for her love and passion for God. Not only have there been illuminated souls at all times, but there have been times when a wave of illumination has passed over humanity as a whole.

Two of the most notable are Kashf al-Mahjûb (Revelation of the Veiled) of Hujwiri, and Risâla (The Message) of Al-Qushayri.
Repeating the name of God is a form of dhikr, which is thought to be a direct manifestation of the divine on a human level. Thus if wearing wool was one of the conditions, they did so.

The essence of being/Truth/God is devoid of every form and quality, and hence unmanifested, yet it is inseparable from every form and phenomenon either material or spiritual. Many times I have referred to the wisdom of the ancient Sufis, since without the guidance of the teachers no path can be successfully traversed. Aside from the different spellings, Sufis, and especially the Sufis of the first few centuries, denied that philosophy could be a fitting tool for understanding reality, since through its reliance on verbal descriptions and limited reasoning philosophy would actually obscure rather than reveal the truth or reality. However, by the middle of the ninth century, Sufi mysticism started to burgeon.

The chief aim of all Sufis is to let go of all notions of duality, including the individual self and realize this divine unity. Through these "organs" or faculties and the transformative results from their activation, the basic Sufi psychology bears some resemblance to the schemata of kabbalah and the tantric chakra system.

Sufism as a brother/sisterhood may be traced back as far as the period of Daniel.

Two of Al Ghazali’s greatest treatises, the “Revival of Religious Sciences” and the “Alchemy of Happiness,” argued that Sufism originated from the Qur’an and was thus compatible with mainstream Islamic thought, and did not in any way contradict Islamic Law—being instead necessary to its complete fulfillment. [3] Other theories have been suggested for the origins of Sufism, which link it to outside non-Muslim influences. Its disciples remained loyal to the throne because of the common Turkic origin.

The same herb planted in various atmospheric conditions will vary in form accordingly, but will retain its characteristics. Another century or so later, a new emphasis on love changed asceticism into mysticism. These people were called “Sufe”. Others included Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi, founder of the Mevlevi order in Turkey, Sahabuddin Suharwardi in Asia minor, and Moinuddin Chishti in India. This period was characterized by the practice of an apprentice (murid) placing himself under the spiritual direction of a Master (shaykh or pir).

Love allows the believer to seize the spiritual beauty of God that is present in all things, and therefore love God in all things and love all things through God (Abdin, 2004). [25], Not long after the death of Ibn ‘Arabi, al-Andalus experienced a “spiritual aridity”[26] in the mid-fourteenth century. We are not associated with any religion or organization. Each letter holds a secret representing one stage or quality of a Sufi.

An abstract word, Sufism derives from the Arabic term for a mystic, ṣūfī, which is in turn derived from ṣūf, “wool,” plausibly a reference to the woollen garment of early Islamic ascetics. [14] The effects of his thought and that of his disciples would appear again in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries amidst later Sufis such as Ibn Arabi. Serve the King yet remain a Sufi.

‘Saf’ and ‘Suf. Salaheddin Ali Nader Angha,  Sufism (Washington, DC:  M.T.O.

After passing through many chelleh, I discovered that each stage of these disciplines opens up a new door to the eternal graceful knowledge, and so reveals a new secret. [23] His works in Andalusia focused mainly on the perfect human individual, monastic metaphysics, and mystical path to spiritual and intellectual perfection. The practice of Sufism is the intention to go towards the Truth by means of love and devotion.

Ongoing efforts by both traditionally trained Muslim scholars and Western academics are making Al-Ghazali’s works available in English translation for the first time,[5] allowing English-speaking readers to judge for themselves the compatibility of Islamic Law and Sufi doctrine.

Some Sufi orders engage in ritualized dhikr ceremonies, the liturgy of which may include recitation, singing, instrumental music, dance, costumes, incense, meditation, ecstasy, and trance. Also, some Sufi groups emerged that considered themselves above the Sharia and discussed Sufism as a method of bypassing the rules of Islam in order to attain salvation directly. ", Hardin, N. "Doris Lessing and the Sufi way.
[40] Many have asserted Sufism to be unique within the confines of the Islamic religion, and contend that Sufism developed from people like Bayazid Bastami, who, in his utmost reverence to the sunnah, refused to eat a watermelon because he did not find any proof that Muhammad ever ate it. It grew out of an early ascetic movement within Islam, which sought to counteract the worldliness that came with the rapid expansion of the Muslim community. Mary was in seclusion in the Jewish temple for a year, where only Zakariya was permitted to see her. The more pious individuals of the Moslem community feared that the message of Islam was in danger of being completely lost through the decadent example of these Arab conquerors who professed to spread the Prophet’s words. Abu l-‘Abbas ibn al-‘Arif (1088-1141) was one of the most prominent Sufis in Spain and one of the earliest ones during Sufism’s peak in the peninsula.

But the point of view of the wise differs from that of the simple followers of a religion.

The chosen ones of God, the salt of the earth, who responded without hesitation to the call of Abraham, Moses, Jesus and Mohammed, were Sufis, and were not only simple followers of a religion but had insight into divine knowledge. We believe that such a period is at hand. Wonder,A garden among the flames!My heart can take onAny form:A meadow for gazelles,A cloister for monks,For the idols, sacred ground,Ka'ba for the circling pilgrim,the tables for the Torah,the scrolls of the Qur'an.My creed is love;Wherever its caravan turns along the way,That is my belief,My faith. Neither body or soul.I belong to the beloved, have seen the twoworlds as one and that one call to and know,first, last, outer, inner, only thatbreath breathing human being. It would seem that understanding the origin of Sufism, either the school or the word it denotes, is as mysterious as the whole practice of the Sufis. [18], A group of Sufi masters who defended the works of theosophists such as Ghazali and al-Qushayri began emerging in the late eleventh and early- to mid-twelfth centuries.

says: Gholamali Haddad Adel, Mohammad Jafar Elmi, Hassan Taromi-Rad, Maribel Fierro, “The Polemic about the ‘Karamat al-awaliya’ and the Development of Sufism in al-Andalus,”, A.M Mohamed Mackeen, “The Early History of Sufism in the Maghrib Prior to Al-Shadhili”. The most famous and respected of the Sufi poets, Jalaludin Rumi, wrote extensively of love and the overwhelming joy of joining with the divine: Remembrance of Allah, or dhikr, forms the backbone of Sufi practices (Waines, 2003). It has been narrated that the Prophet and faithful Moslems wore garments of wool to denote their detachment from the world and simplicity in living.

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