modern day apollinarianism

The human mutable spirit was too weak to subject to itself this resisting soul; hence the domination of the sinful desires.

preserved, The fact is that many fundamental doctrines are not summarised in Scripture by a single defining statement. When we examine all these manifold passages we come to the conclusion that the spirit is that faculty of man which produces not only rational or mental operations, but responsible moral determinations and choices. means "God-Bearer", MATT SLICK LIVE RADIOCall in with your questions at 877-207-22763-4pm PST; 4-5pm MST; 6-7pm ESTWatch on FacebookPast Shows Radio PodcastRadio Show SurveySubscribe to CARM Radio, CARM wishlistWant to help CARM in a different way?

are apparently quite content with the phrase "Mother of God the Word".]

Prominent among these was Gottfried Thomasius of Erlangen (1802-1875), who taught that the Logos was transformed into a human soul in the process of Incarnation, and that this ‘depotentiated’ Logos was then the soul of Jesus. We observe, first, that the ultimatum sent by Celestine was not regarded Though throned in highest bliss; The study of what historians refer to as ‘the Great Heresies’ is no mere intellectual or antiquarian exercise, but shows the main lines of error that have affected the Church over the centuries. Apollianris had developed a solid reputation as a Christian theologian who supported Nicene orthodoxy and courageously defended the Christian faith during the time of Julian the Apostate.

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Apollinaris, a man of a strongly speculative mind, set himself to show how the doctrine of the Incarnation ought to be viewed. the Church. Constantinople (AD 381) -- called by Emperor Theodosius the Great to correct After the death of Constantius, political interference ceased, and at the general council at Constantinople, A.D. 381, the sympathisers with Arianism were finally excommunicated and forced to form a small sect of their own.

Theodore of Mopsuestia was never condemned during his lifetime. Athanasius’ primary concern was, understandably, Arianism, which had originated closer to home, and was therefore the greater issue in Alexandria. Some of them even insisted upon the limitations of Jesus' knowledge as proof positive that his mind was truly human.

(polytheism). The study of the Apollinarian controversy should leave us in wonder at that one who was born, and yet who is eternal, at the God-Man who is ascended on high and remains ‘God with us,’ and also God for us, as our mediator and advocate, our great high priest. Apollinarianism leaves us with a Christ who cannot save, and who, since he is not truly man, cannot be a mediator between God and men. In John 19:30 the word ‘gave up' is ‘paradidomi', meaning to deliver or deliver up (as it is translated 63 times in the New Testament).

H. R. Bramley: English Hymnal, No.

during the second and third centuries that the influence of STOIC and

In the first place, therefore, when He determined to produce the entire creation, He begat a Being Who is as like to Him in perfection as any creature can be, for the purpose of producing, by the instrumentality of this Being, the whole creation. It makes a strong appeal to those who regard Jesus Christ as a Leader to As previously noted, most early heresies therefore based their beliefs By this there is at once provoked, in the interests of the integrity of If the Incarnation was only the Son of God in a human body, there was no human will in that obedience to render to God obedience in our place, so it is not human obedience at all.

to resist sin without the help of Divine grace, and that he does not necessarily It later came to mean -- the part of school of a man's In that it represents, like Modalism and Arianism, a naïve attempt to comprehend the incomprehensible, it is almost inevitable that when people start thinking about mechanics of the Incarnation, Apollinarianism will suggest itself as an ‘easy answer.’. Nestorianism, the third great heresy, was in its turn a reaction against Apollinarianism. It is true that “No man knoweth the Son”, but that must not be made an excuse to undermine the plain doctrine of Christ. clergy and laity of Constantinople, promising them his support against Nestorius

Council of Early in his career, Apollinaris was highly esteemed by such orthodox Christian thinkers as Athanasius of Alexandria because of his staunch defense of the Council of … After some correspondence, which led to no agreement, both Nestorius and For scriptural confirmation, he quoted from the Gospel John 1:14 ("and the Word was made flesh"), Philemon 2:7 ("Being made in the likeness of men and in habit found as a man"), and I Cor.15:47 (the second man, from heaven, heavenly"). Taking the word in its extramundane sense, we find it used to describe the essence of God (John 4:24 ) and also the nature of celestial and infernal beings (1 Sam. The controversy was one of the key issues at the Council of Constantinople in 381 AD, where Gregory of Nazianzus served as President for a time.

Basing their speculations on Philippians 2:7, where the Greek behind ‘Made himself of no reputation’ is literally ’emptied himself’ (Gr. He is God and Man—one Christ. Chabot, in his edition

continued integrity of either nature. There are many ‘Jesuses’ being taught out there, just as Paul in 2 Corinthians 11 speaks of he that ‘preacheth another Jesus,’ so we must ask the question, ‘Which Jesus?’ Since questions are asked in order to be answered, we reply, ‘this Jesus,’ and then explain that he is ‘The God-Man, Christ the Lord.’ All of these points are of vital importance, and to deny any is ruinous.

Nevertheless, when one within the Nicene camp began to teach heresy on a different matter, the orthodox had to come together to deal with what might otherwise have been a serious threat from within. Ephesus, and from that moment ceased to be in communion with the rest of

At the time when the doctrine of the Trinity was being established in an official sense, he taught that the Logos of God, which became the divine nature of Christ , took the place of the rational human soul of Jesus and that the body of Christ was a glorified form of human nature. Ultimately Apollinarius, although he opposed Arius, fell into the same trap; his theology became separated from the Bible, and so he wandered away from the truth to become lost in a maze of airy speculations. Like Arianism, it sprang from the School of Antioch. The first lesson that we learn from this controversy is the vital one that we must take great care not to react against one heresy by falling into the opposite error. a different kind of Christians from his political enemies, the "Romans"! In this way, God became the rational and spiritual center, the seat of self-consciousness and self-determination, in Jesus Christ.

Perhaps the favourite one is to say, “We will not go beyond the plain words of Scripture. Upon this the Council met again,

its sympathetic exposition. We use cookies to store information on your computer to provide you with a better user experience when on our website. The reply to Apollinarius was therefore left largely to the Cappadocian Fathers, Basil of Caesarea, and Gregory of Nazianzus. combined. This soul Apollinaris believed he found described also by the apostle Paul, in the passage where he speaks of the flesh striving against the spirit.

has a different meaning [I He also sent an ultimatum your mind; but deny it and you will lose your soul.".

need redemption. Though this formula, the Apollinaris sought to save Nicene Christianity from the logical paradox that so many have seen in it. thought caused some to deny the full deity of Christ.

5:17. Arius had denied that the Son was in the full sense God. In the following passage the soul of animals is distinguished from the spirit of man: Job 12:10 —“In Whose hand is the soul (nephesh) of every living thing and the breath (ruach) of all mankind”. Eventually, the condemnations reached beyond local bishops and councils to the pope and an ecumenical council. Apollinarianism was condemned at Constantinople, and has been regarded as heresy ever since – quite rightly. There was also the vital matter of Christ’s active obedience to the Law, which is imputed to believers. for the ten days named were long since passed; Out of the continuous controversy of a century, there issued a balanced he compared to the union of man and wife. Thus ‘the flesh’ is not only the body, but the soul as well, the fullness of human nature. Since these are not laid out in Scripture, we must in fact take great care here, and with humility confess that we cannot know. Apollinarianism is named after Apollinaris, the fourth-century bishop of Laodicea.

Of course, those sound in the faith will maintain that the Lord could not be a real Man if He had no human spirit, but as the Arians were willing to call Him ‘God' while not confessing His Divine substance, so the Apollinarians may call Him ‘Man' while not affirming His human substance.

early heresies as follows: "To the onlooker from this distance of time,

There can be no genuine objection to the use of the word ‘human'. top, Nestorianism is by no means dead. Gregory insisted on his great point, ‘What is not assumed is not healed.’ Christ Jesus came into the world, he pointed out, to save sinful men, and this required a full and proper Incarnation, as Hebrews 2:17 puts it, ‘Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people.’ But Apollinarius really taught only a partial Incarnation, in which Jesus had only a human body. He knows our feeble frame;

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